Chinese Market Attractive to Uber-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Questions: 1.What made the Chinese market attractive to Uber? Do you believe that Uber can succeed in the Chinese Market?. 2.What market forces did Uber China fail to identify, underestimate or consider in relation to its market entry?. 3.What positioning and customer acquisition program the company could have pursued? Do you believe that Uber could have succeeded? Why? Answers: 1.China had almost 750 million urban commuters which made it the largest consumer market in the world, roughly 5 times that of the size of the 150 million US commuter market. At the same time, Chinese car ownership was extremely low; it had 69 cars for 1000 people. Moreover there was a short supply of taxi services in China and low fares were paid to the taxi drivers. Adding to the agony, the entire population relied heavily on buses, metro and other such means of transport for commuting. All these features made the market extremely attractive for Uber to foray in the Chinese market. As the market held limitless opportunity to gain riders and offer ride sharing and online Chauffeuring service to the commuters. Uber then finally launched in the year 2013 with Uber Black, the company did not achieve much success initially because people perceived that the fares were too high. Therefore when the company moved to other cities it went forward with Uber X, the low cost ride services. Uber also launched the service Uber people to penetrate in the market; it was not for profit ride hailing services with the fare being calculated according to the ownership and the operating cost of the vehicles. The company at the same time spent around $ 2 Billion towards the promotion and it benefited all the stakeholders (Uber, drivers riders). In the bid to dominate the market, company faced stiff competition from Didi Chuxing and Yideo, and by 2015 the company had a total market capitalization worth $ 8 billion. At last in the year 2016 Uber in a share swap deal sold its business and operation to Didi. The move was right as it was really difficult for Uber to keep on competing in a price sensitive market with deep pocket players. The company did everything to capture the market; however its positioning flaw led company to sell off its business. 2.Uber entered the Chinese market in the year 2013; a year after DIdi entered the market. The company went with the vision to apply the model which made it highly successful in the US market. However the company did not anticipate the challenges in doing so and hence had to sell off its business in the year 2016 to Didi. Company failed to perform at many front; the first one being the companys first offering to the Chinese market was Uber Black. Uber Black in itself was an expensive service and because of the model the fare exceeded the prevalent taxi fares (Rivas, 2017) Another factor which the company failed to comprehend was the market dominance of Didi and Yidao; these two players had a market capitalization of over 89 percent and also had created a strong brand identity for itself. At the time Uber reached a market valuation of $ 8 billion, Didi had already captured 10 million trips per days and boosted revenue of $ 36 Billion. Hence it can be said that Didi Chuxing had already created market dominance and being a Chinese company the government regulations were limited and the company could overlook them. Uber on the other hand was caught up in a lot of legal matters in China and paid huge sum in fines, further reducing its investment power. Yidao on the other hand was offering customized chauffeuring services and did not compete on price, hence its market and business model was entire different than that of Uber and Didi(Hook, 2016) Further Uber partnered with Baidu, the largest search company which helped Uber in the map services and the GPS system; on the other hand Didi took advantage of the other leading player in the market Tencent and used its services for Maps and paying bills. We Chat was the largest messaging service in China and company took full advantage of it and We Chat helped the company in mass penetration. Uber tried to pull off every trick possible out if its hat, but all the efforts of the company went into vain. Uber came up with a great promotion strategy, it offered subsidized ride fares to drivers riders, but the feature was taken for a ride in the way drivers and riders created fake accounts to take leverage of the promotional scheme. Uber further came with green hybrid cars to provide environmental friendly services to the Chinese market, but it also failed miserably. The company after spending $ 2 billion out of the $ 13 billion it had raised globally decided to shut down its business, it was a right call which the company made (Wirtz Tang, 2016) 3.Uber forayed in the Chinese market with much fanfare in the year 2013, a time which was right for Uber to enter the market because of the lack of taxi hiring service and no structure in the way taxi market operated. There was less intervention from the government and the company was under the assumption that it could replicate its earlier successful business model in China. However, it was just a dream which did not turned into a reality (Manjoo, 2014). A 5 why analysis will help us gain further insight into cutting quickly into the symptoms of the problem and help in dealing with them once for all. It can also be used for troubleshooting, quality improvement and problem solving. 5 Whys can help in getting the company to focus on one single track or very few tracks to effectively tackle a problem. The model provision a very simple 7 step process to define the 5 whys in the framework Assemble the team Define the problem Addressing the first why-Why the company is facing problem in the Chinese market- The company is facing problem in the Chinese market due to the fierce competition it is facing at the hands of Didi, also its inefficiency to combat the challenges posed by other players. Another reason for facing the problem is because of its credit card payment system. Asking Why four more times- Other reason why the company could not fare well in the Chinese market were: Not relying on the services of the local people and local authorities, the company completely went forward with its own model of working. This did not go down well with the local people of China, leading to strong resentment from the local authorities. Uber did not find local partners to help the company in establishing the business create a momentum and gain market dominance. The biggest mistake the company made was competing in the Chinese market on Price. Price wars in the past in China have never gone down well. Several of the failing international companies are; Amazon Google. The company was a little late in its entry in the Chinese market, and the biggest reason why the company failed was, not having a fair understanding of the Chinese market(Rogers, 2015) Step 5- Knowing when to stop asking the why- The reason being because after asking the same question 4 times earlier, the reasons are repeating and thus does not solve a purpose. Addressing the root cause- The root cause which I believe was the biggest roadblock in its way of success in the Chinese market can be unable to make a connect with the local people, in acceptance of local culture and not being in a position to create a formidable partnership with the local players. Monitor the measures-In this case, the measure cannot be monitored because the company sold its business to Didi in a share deal and also gained a significant share in Lyft, another ride service company of China. In my opinion, if Uber would have followed the below mentioned strategy the company could have succeeded: Competing on providing great customer service and exceed the expectation of the Chinese customers. Bring a disruption in the Chinese market by raising the envelope of its service offering would have put company in a great position. China had a culture of paying in cash; on the other hand Uber went ahead with paying through credit card services, another reason why the company could not succeed in the China market. Partnering with the local taxi providers and drivers, as this would help the drivers to not live in a fear of losing a job and they would have gained after coming under the Umbrella of the Uber brand. The company however did not give much heads to the needs of the local people, local culture and forgo the local partnership, needless to say if all this would have been done the fate of Uber could have swung in some other direction. References Hook, L., 2016. Ubers battle for China.Financial Times. https://ig. ft. com/sites/uber-in-china/(21.04. 2017). Manjoo, F., 2014. With Uber, less reason to own a car.New York Times, pp.1-4. Rivas, R., 2017. Is Co-Operation the Opposite of Competition?: Two Sides of the Same Coin. Rogers, B., 2015. The social costs of Uber.U. Chi. L. Rev. Dialogue,82, p.85. Wirtz, J. and Tang, C., 2016. Uber: Competing as market leader in the US versus being a distant second in China.SERVICES MARKETING: People Technology Strategy, pp.626-632

Money Can Buy Happiness free essay sample

It is a classical debate, sparked by the left-wing communists and religious leaders who suggest that a person can live a full life without the pursuit of money, and instead one must look to a more spiritual existence above the material desires. It is perhaps conceivable in a century gone by where people grew all their food and believed in witches, that a human could forge a fulfilling existence without the need of money to satisfy our desires. However in today’s society money can not only buy happiness, but is a major factor for happiness. Findings by the Institute of Economic Affairs show that happiness levels correlate with the amount of wealth a person accumulates. And, in contrast to popular belief, it does not level off when the assets reach a certain threshold. Money enables us to buy goods and services that we want. When we satisfy these wants we feel fulfilled, happy and pleased because we as humans love getting what we want. Money can give us experiences and opportunities that we would otherwise never be able to have. It can open doors to elite schooling, worldwide trips and making a difference in the world via charity. Money allows us to live a carefree, happy life because we don’t have financial strain. Money makes the world go round because it buys happiness, that’s why we spend hours a day slaving away to earn it. It is the key that unlocks the door to happiness. Humans have material needs and money provides the ability to satisfy these tangible needs and wants. Satisfying the want for a new dress or the need for medicine brings on the psychological state of happiness because we have satisfied those desires. The dress you bought from that exclusive store helps you to be confident and happy and the medicine helps cure a loved one. Have you ever felt left out because you see something you want, but can’t afford it? Perhaps all of your friends have the latest iPhone and you’re stuck with your parents old embarrassing Nokia brick from 2001 because you can’t afford an iPhone. Money can buy that iPhone and can help you feel included consequently bringing on joy and happiness. Ever gone without the basic necessities, electricity, clothing or water? Money buys them too. It helps improve your standard of living. From luxury items to everyday basics money permits us to experience happiness through consumerism and the act of satisfying our needs and wants. It is the experiences and opportunities that come with money that make you happy. Money pays for the trip that lets you experience a new culture, a new cuisine or helps establish lifelong friendships. It is sometimes the memories in life that you find more happiness in than material goods. The happy memories that money buys. Perhaps you find happiness in charity work. Why devote a few hours of your time when you can enrich someone with the power of money? They then have the opportunity to rebuild their lives from the money you give them and increase their living standards and happiness. Making a donation to charity not only helps others, it can make the giver mentally tougher, physically stronger and more popular, researchers from Harvard University have found out. Elite schooling and university offer endless opportunities for an individual to become an educated, well rounded and valued member of the community. It opens doors to exclusive jobs and bigger bank accounts. Success brings satisfaction and contributes to your overall happiness as life’s doors are always open to you. You are not closed off from potential opportunities that may arise. As we all know elite schooling and university doesn’t come for free, money pays for the education and opportunities that come with it. Without travel, charity and education life would be boring, bland and unfulfilling, money gives us those experiences and prospects that we all look forward to. Money offers a carefree lifestyle. With big banks accounts you don’t have to worry about paying rent, mortgages, school fees, health care and life’s other expenses. For someone who does not have a moderate amount of money these are stressful issues they have to deal every time they go to their letterbox. Stress can affect both your body and your mind, people can become exhausted, sick and unable to focus. It is the complete reverse of happiness. For someone who is better off financially bills occupy much less of their time and thus stress is eliminated from their lives. Home life can be miserable and tense when money is scarce. Couples bicker on average 2,455 times a year and of that number issues of money equate to 315 arguments. Money buys security and an un-troubled existence, money relieves financial stress and thus helps increase happiness. If someone was to offer you a million dollars, no strings attached, would you accept it? Chances are you would, and you would be happy about it because money can buy happiness. In life we have the option to live how we want, no one forces us to live a consumerist lifestyle. We choose to. You know there must be a connection to money and happiness. If there weren’t, no one would work for that lucrative promotion, perhaps no one work at all. Why would we spend all our lives pursuing it? For those living in third world countries that may be happy, it is unfortunately because it’s a case of they can’t miss what they’ve never had. Our society has made money a factor of happiness and I don’t hear anyone complaining. If money can’t buy you happiness then you are not spending it right.

Agency Missed Early Tire Warnings Essays - Tires, American Brands

Agency Missed Early Tire Warnings _____Correction_____ In some Sept. 12 editions, a headline in the Business section misstated how the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration handled some complaints about Firestone tires. The headline should have said, as it did in other editions, that the agency missed the complaints. By Cindy Skrzycki Washington Post Staff Writer Tuesday , September 12, 2000 ; Page E01 On Nov. 30, 1998, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration received a letter from a Ford Explorer owner who said his Firestone tire tread peeled off like an orange. Imagine my shock when the mechanics looked at my tire and told me I was lucky to be alive, the letter said, adding that the mechanics told him that Firestone tires on Explorers are known to lose tread and contribute to or cause Ford Explorers to flip. This was among as many as 26 consumer complaints about Firestone tires, filed since the early 1990s, that NHTSA overlooked in January, when reviewing whether to open an investigation into reports of Firestone tire problems. NHTSA had missed the consumer complaints because of the way its database is organized: They weren't filed under Firestone as tire problems; they were filed under Ford as vehicle problems. NHTSA, the federal agency responsible for tracking information about potential auto safety defects, did open an investigation into Firestone tires May 2--after news reports of tire failures that resulted in fatal accidents. And NHTSA spokesman Rae Tyson said yesterday that the additional complaints would not have prompted the agency to move any sooner. In the past, the agency has opened investigations with far fewer complaints. It looked into problems with Michelin tires in 1994 based on five complaints. The overlooked complaints--detailing incidents of tire blowouts, tread separations and other accidents involving Firestone tires mounted on Ford vehicles--illustrate how difficult it has been for federal investigators to piece together a clear picture of what went wrong with the 6.5 million tires that Firestone recalled last month. The letters might have provided earlier clues to the scope and gravity of the problems--which have since been linked to 88 deaths in the United States. In January, a safety-defects specialist with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration told his superiors in a memo that he had been monitoring Firestone-tire complaints for more than a year but had counted only seven in 1998 and eight in 1999 involving the type of tires that later would be recalled. But the specialist had missed other complaints dating back several years because when he searched the database he looked for complaints listed under Firestone ATX and Wilderness (two types of the recalled tires). The data indicates a slight trend of failures in Firestone ATX tires, the specialist, Steve Beretzky, wrote in the Jan. 31 memo, a copy of which was obtained by The Washington Post. But, he continued, I don't believe it is strong enough to open an initial evaluation. Beretzky said the number of complaints was small compared with the number of tires manufactured, and even when the agency called consumers in 1999 based on seeing a similar trend, the information gathered did not add up to a case. NHTSA's Tyson said that even if the agency had taken note of the additional complaints, the number was not sufficient to have prompted it to open an investigation at that time. Opening an investigation is among the agency's first steps in a process that can lead it to order a recall of unsafe vehicles or auto parts. Called vehicle owner questionnaires, many of these complaints include photographs of the accidents, insurance reports, and copies of letters and bills sent to Ford Motor Co. and Firestone for damage done to Explorers from tire blowouts. For instance, on Sept. 7, 1997, NHTSA received a letter from an angry Texas motorist who said she lost control of her 1992 Explorer when her rear passenger side tire lost its tread: I hit an 18-wheeler and bounced off his truck--twice. I then crossed the median of Highway 288 toward oncoming traffic, she wrote. I have and will continue to tell everyone that these tires are a hazard and should be recalled. Tyson said it's a quirk of the database that the Ford complaints didn't pop up when Beretzky was searching for tire data. But even without reviewing the full universe of

Load Shedding Term Essays

Load Shedding Term Essays Load Shedding Term Essay Load Shedding Term Essay The elections of 2008 and 2013 have been lost by incumbents because of load-shedding. The next government has been chosen by the electorate for its reputation for completing projects it fancies, come what may. Naturally, it expects the same to see the end of load-shedding. So deep is the penetration of the power related anger in the public at large that even a hint of the continuation of the inaction of the past may bring the government down sooner than later.Pakistan may be among the countries with the lowest consumption of energy per capita, but every power failure transmits the message of incompetence to almost all households in a split second. The vibes coming from the PML-N suggest that the Mian brothers are suffering from too much advice. The worst piece of advice was on load-shedding. Nawaz Sharif went public with describing load-shedding as problem number one. But he would not commit on a deadline. He made fun of Shahbaz Sharif for giving such deadlines.Fair enough, if he himself had not given deadlines on other issues. Why, might one ask, have a programme for the first 100 days of government? Is this laundry list even necessary? There are only three issues that deserve the fullest attention of the government in the first 100 days: load-shedding, load-shedding and net outflow of capital. For the rest, work should start on a financeable medium-term programme. By announcing the finance minister first and the energy minister afterwards, the leadership seemed indecisive about the order of priorities.By luck, some new power projects started by the previous government might mature in 1,000 days. The public understands that new supply cannot be added to the system in the immediate or near term. What is entirely possible in 100 days is to take effective measures on three counts - conservation, efficiency and, for lack of a better term, governance. Taken seriously by all and sundry, conservation alone can add upwards of 1,500MW. Efficiency or energy intensity is another area that can augment supply in a short time.Pakistan uses more energy to produce one dollar of its GDP than countries with a much higher GDP per capita. There are well-known ways of improving energy efficiency at the level of households, businesses and government. Finally, governance has become the Achilles’ heel of the energy sector. The so-called circular debt is its worst manifestation. Even if the present level of this huge debt is cleared up in one stroke, as Mian Nawaz Sharif has said he would, the problem can recur if the culture of not paying up on time and across-the-board subsidies continues.Receivables routinely exceed payables by wide margins because price does not cover cost, cost conceals theft and wastage and all players wait for the government to bail them out. Fuel allocation is distorted as no distinction is made between efficient and inefficient plants. From imported coal to gas, the priority for electricity to captive plants is a cobweb of corruption and vested interests, nurtured by a structure that is decentralised in name only.As for the net capital outflow, I have been saying and will say it again that there is no need to rush to the IMF. Regulatory duty on inessential imports, recovery of the overdue $800 million from Etisalat and a transparent 3G auction will support fiscal, as well as current account balance, for 100 days. This is enough time to prepare a national reform programme and think carefully about whether to implement it with or without the IMF. Published in The Express Tribune, May 24th, 2013.

The Changing Roles Of Women In The Mafia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

The Changing Roles Of Women In The Mafia - Essay Example The study will focus on analysing information from authorities that are known for their efforts and track-record in researching into the Sicilian Mafia and Organised crime groups. In doing this, the research will focus on contemporary research works and field works that have been done by conducting various primary studies and research work like interviews and other things meant to inquire into the way research is done into the Sicilian model of the mafia and its processes. The research will also seek to inquire into specialised sources and works of authors who have in-depth experience and knowledge in studying women and the Mafia. This will include an insight into numerous works by persons who have spent the most part of the past 20 years studying and researching into the works of the Mafia and their evolutions over the period at hand. This report makes a conclusion that women in the Mafia were traditionally seen as the bedrock for the keeping together and transmission of the amoral familial traits of organized crime families and clans in Sicily. However, the past 20 years has seen a lot of changes and modifications in the way things are done in the Mafia and in societies. This include the fact that the Mafioso is more interested in cashing in on the opportunity to make money through smuggling and owning businesses in order to participate in money laundering. This is opposed to the old system where the Mafia took part in violent activities and violent crimes and offences in order to raise money and remain rich.

Information resource managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Information resource managment - Essay Example With the help of information resource management, government as well as corporate organizations have focused on controlling the lifecycle of varied important data from past to present. Information resource management is divided into two groups such as operational and business planning. Modern organizations have arranged their confidentiality of the information resource more accurately by dividing the information into two groups. In the past, information had been recorded in papers and currently varied organizations use technological gadgets to preserve important data. Government has enacted different rules and regulations to preserve information in a more effective way. As per Clinger-Cohen Act of 1996, government has supplemented information technology management for improved handling of information. To upload information resource management for Chief information officer (CIO) has come to the forefront as a key player in the organizational context. Nowadays, CIO is responsible for m anaging information of almost every government as well as corporate organization. In the present arena, organizational functions had been divided under varied departments. Consequently, CIO has become one of the most important persons, who usually look after every departmental process within the organization. On the other hand, in order to highlight the role and responsibility of the CIO, it can be claimed that through strategic governance a CIO can enhance the effectiveness of the organization. Apart from this, the responsibility of a CIO is to maintain the organizational structure, through which overall capability of the organization can be improved for current period as well as future period1. In order to highlight the identity along with the roles and responsibilities of the selected CIO Alan Levine, it can be determined that he is the CIO of the Kennedy Center Washington DC. Moreover, it is also acknowledged that throughout his life Alan Levine

Why Is Recycling Important?

Why Is Recycling Important? Recycling is a process where waste or used products are reproduced into new products. A product which has served its own purpose will be discarded, and recycling is an effort to extend the usage life of a product, thus bringing a lot of benefits to humanity and the mother earth. Most items around us are recyclable, although there are specific techniques used to recycle different material, including metal, plastic and paper. The entire process of recycling involves 3 basic steps. The used material has to be collected, and then sorted according to its material. The second step involves producing usable goods from the sorted items. After the goods were produced, the last step requires selling of the reproduced goods to the general mass, consumers or a specific market. As the reproduced goods are sold and reused, the entire process of recycling is complete and will make way for another cycle to come. Why is recycling important? Recycling helps preserve the environment in addition to providing more usable objects to people without the need for extra resources. Its importance can be seen in multiple ways. Below are the reasons in which recycling can be beneficial: Recycling Saves the Earth Recycling a material can help preserve the environment. For example, recycling the paper can result in paper production without additional tree falling. By recycling more paper and selling it to consumer, more papers can be used without further damaging the forest than its current rate of tree falling. Recycling Saves Energy Recycling a material takes less energy than to produce an item from virgin materials. For example, an aluminum product uses both the aluminum and the huge amount of energy to produce it from raw ore. Thus by recycling an item made of aluminum, we can reuse the metal again and also save on the huge energy which helps preserve the environment. Recycling Helps Mitigate Global Warming and Reduce Pollution One of the biggest benefits of recycling is saving energy. Energy saving results in less emission of carbon or greenhouse gases which are a by-product created by energy production, which are detrimental and harmful to the environment if released to the atmosphere. Recycling Reduces Waste Products in Landfills Waste which are not recycled usually ends up in the landfill. It is here that the waste are left to rot or decomposed, and this may take many years of even generations to fully decompose. More and more waste are being sent to the landfills, and if recycling does not take place, the landfill may be right behind our homes in the future. Recycling Helps you Save Money Recycled products usually cost less. Using existing material and a lot less energy, recycled product can be sold for a fraction of the same item created using virgin materials. Apart from that, selling waste for recycling purposes converts garbage into useful cash. Recycling can also be done at home, and taught to the children as a good habit to be nurtured. Biodegradable waste can be used as fertilizer for plants. Creativity goes a long way in saving money and saving the planet Earth. Recycling becomes increasingly important in a world where the population is booming. More and more products are being churned out to consumers. If these products are not recycled at the end of the product life, it will take generations to break down or decompose. Applications of Recycled Materials Application of Recycled Glass Man has found ways to recycle glass. This in fact, is highly recommended and beneficial to the manufacturing line as it is easier to produce and cost less. Crushed glass known as cullets, melts easier and faster and cost less than the raw materials used to produce glass. This practice is endorsed by the US Environmental Protection Agency as a better and greener way to produce glass. Common Non-container Uses According to Glass Packaging Institute, recycled glasses are best to be used for its initial purpose before it was being sent for recycled. For example, glass bottles are best recycled to be made into glass bottles, and those which does not qualify in the container manufacturing standards can be channeled to other usages such as fiberglass. (See References 2) Aggregate Materials Realize it or not, were driving over glass every day in our lives. Parking lots and concrete pavement has grounded glass composition. Grounded glass as an effective base material enhances the performance of the gravel in the mix, and sometimes is independent of other materials when used as a base. Glass-phalt is a material applied to making roads, including airport runways and highways, making the surface to have higher friction coefficient, less slippery and less likely to crack. Glass-phalt is made of recycled glass. Recycled glass is also used to make glass beads, which in turn is used to make reflective paint on the road. Abrasive Media According to the Clean Washington Center, the usage of recycled glass as abrasive media is known as base load market. It is verified that recycled glass has equal or better quality than traditionally used abrasive media, such as aluminum oxide or walnut shell. This makes recycled glass highly competent in the surface preparation of manufacturing equipment components and even ships. Furthermore, less recycled glass is required to produce the same job when compared with usage of traditional mineral. Moreover, glass has the advantage of being non-detrimental to health with no silica exposure dust. Landscaping Green-scaping is a term used for landscape products which are manufactured using recycled glass. Glass does not absorb moisture unlike its wooden counterpart, thus improving water delivery. It also comes in various colors to choose from. Manufacturers use crushed porcelain in concrete slab in addition to the recycled glass to decorate pathways and patios Application of Recycled Paper Placing the paper in the recycle bin helps re-create paper from existing resources. This diverts the waste meant for landfills into usable products which uses less energy, water and material to produce. How Much Paper is Recycled? How much paper is actually recycled? Research shows that the amount of paper being recycled has reached record levels. According to the Paper Industry Association Council, In 2008, 57.4 percent of the paper consumed in the U.S. was recovered for recycling. This impressive figure equals 340 pounds for each man, woman and child in America. Limits on Paper Recycling Papers are limited by the fiber it contains. As paper is recycled each time, it breaks down into pulp. This can be done for a maximum six or seven times. The fiber then will be shortened each time until it is not usable. Office Grade Paper Office grade papers are the highest quality papers in the cycle of recycling. Its quality and firmness plus its sturdy fibers, this type of paper are often recycled back into its initial grade. However, bleaching is required to reproduce its whiteness. Newsprint Papers used for newsprint are often low quality paper, therefore it cannot be recycled into better quality paper. As paper cannot be upgraded through recycling, the paper used for newsprint are often recycled back into its initial usage or lesser grade Cardboard Cardboard, whether corrugated or pressboard, is made of the lowest quality paper. If its ever recycled, it can be used for packaging. Producing boxes or cartons is ideal, as the color or brightness dulls overtime as it is recycled, and packaging boxes like cartons rarely considers color as an important factor. Tissue Tissue can be a form of recycled product. Since strength of paper is not an issue, unusable fibers are usually used for producing tissue. Other Uses for Recycled Paper There are many other products that are produced using recycled paper: coffee filters, diapers, egg cartons, shoe boxes, napkins or insulation. Application of recycled Plastic Recycled plastic can be used in many applications and products, such as packaging, construction or automobile components. Packaging Recycled PET or HDPE is primarily used in packaging by retailers. Household names such as Coca Cola, The Body Shop or MS commonly use recycled plastic in some of their products. Use of recycled plastic helps demonstrate a brand image towards commitment to sustainable resource use. Construction Recycled plastic is used a lot in construction materials, such as drainage pipes, ducting or flooring. It is innovated into scaffolding boards or kerbstones, where its durability and weight has superior benefit to Health and Safety purposes. Landscaping Landscaping uses recycled plastics to be made into walkways, jetties, pontoons, bridges, fences and signs. Durability, low maintenance, vandal resistance, and its resistance to rot are all key reasons for plastic being used. Textile fiber / clothing Polyester fleece clothing and polyester filling for duvets is frequently made from recycled PET bottles (e. g. soft drink and water bottles). Polyester fiber is the biggest single market for recycled PET bottles worldwide. Street furniture Street furniture, seating, bins, street signs and planters are frequently made from plastic. They are cost competitive and resistant to vandalism. Local authorities and schools are able to demonstrate recycling in action by specifying recycled products. Bin liners/ refuse sacks Plastic film from sources such as pallet wrap, carrier bags, and agricultural film are made into new film products such as bin liners, carrier bags and refuse sacks on a large scale. Application of Recycled Metal The functions of metals like steel, copper, and aluminum was revealed thousands of years ago. Their properties and characteristics of strong, durable, malleable and high conductivity are highly important in a wide range of products today. However, metals are resources of the Earth which has finite quantity and not replenish-able. Metal deposits are non-renewable resources that will run out if it is continued to be mined at the current rate. Therefore, it is highly important to recycle metals. Metals can be recycled without losing any their key properties. Inefficient recovery of metals from industrial and consumer waste increases the pressure on the non-renewable resources of the Earth from which they are extracted. Discarding metal is bad for the environment due to the release of metallic particles in the ecosystem. Recycling and metal recovery from the waste stream is essential in preserving valuable resources and the environment. Recycling metals are effective because they can be recycled for infinite times, making them extremely friendly to the environment. Metals differ from polymer plastics in a way that the characteristics are maintained regardless of the physical or chemical form, although it might be costly. Aluminum The extraction of aluminum from its ore requires huge amount of energy. To extract aluminum from alumina is a complex process. Recycling aluminum only takes about 5% of the energy used compared to producing it via mining, and thus only releases 5% of the CO2 emission. This in addition decreases the amount of waste being transported to the landfill. A recycled aluminum can save enough energy to run a television set for 3 hours. For example, recycling 1kg of aluminum saves up to 6kg of bauxite, 4kg of chemical products and 14 kWh of electricity. Steel Iron is extracted from iron ore which is common and highly abundant. Usually found in a combined form with oxygen or other elements like sulphur or carbon. Huge amounts of energy required to extract the iron from the ore. Over 11 million tons of iron and steel scrap are produced every year. From this amount 70% are recovered. Of the remaining quantity, 60% is sent to the landfill. Every ton of steel recycled can save 1.5 tons of iron ore, 0.5 tons of coal, 40% of the water used in production, 75% of the energy required to extract steel from the raw material, 1.28 tons of solid waste, decrease in air pollution emission of up to 86%, and reduction of water pollution release by 76 %. Recycling Metals / Other Metals to Look Out For Copper, nickel, brass, lead, gold, silver, etc. can all be recycled. Since these metals are all quite valuable only a smaller quantity is in circulation. The recovery of these metals is sometimes ignored especially when they are used in households and these items are disposed of by the householders. Application of Recycled Oil Did you know? That used, second-hand oil can be further re-refined into base stock for lubricating oil? And also, if you recycle just 2 gallons of used oil, it is sufficient to generate electricity to run the average household for almost 24 hours. Cars, like many transportation vehicles, are an essential part of life for many of us. What is done with the used oil, whether to dispose of it or to recycle it plays a significant role in balancing our desire for convenient transportation with our hope for a clean and healthy environment for our children? We are all familiar with recycling newspapers, aluminum cans, glass and plastic bottles, but many of us are not even aware of the efforts carried out by giant petroleum industry to promote used motor oil for recycling, for example, providing convenient collection sites for the purpose of keeping used motor oil out of our water supplies and making sure that the oil goes back into the recycling cycle. Oddly enough, even after it has been drained from an engine, motor oil retains some of its value. The oil collected can be recycled to save energy. Many institutions, schools or plants process the used oil for electricity generation. Some plants even process it to be used for engine oil again. As consumer, we can send our used oils for recycling by taking it to the collection center. If our cars are taken to the car service center, we can be fairly certain that the oil will be recycled after they change. Additionally, we can make a difference by recycling the oil from our car, truck, motorcycle, boat, recreational vehicle or lawnmower. By dropping off our used motor oil today we help prevent pollution and conserve energy for a safer and healthier tomorrow Recycling used motor oil keeps oil out of landfills and ensures that this oil is available for re-use, reconditioning, reprocessing or re-refining. In fact, the best oil for the sake of environment is the longer lasting oil, making sure that less oil is generated. As much as over 380 million gallons of used oil is recycled every single year according to the U.S. EPA, which is equivalent to over 50 percent of all motor oil purchased annually. Currently, used motor oil can be re-used or recycled in one of the three known ways reconditioning, reprocessing or re-refining. Re-refining With modern and sophisticated method, refining can be done with accurate feed and stringent quality control. Used motor oil can be processed to remove any impurities so it can be reused as a base stock for the new lubricating oil. This effectively extends the lifespan of the oil, making it reusable for many times without sending it to the landfill. At the present, less than 15% of used motor oil is refined and the consumer demand for refined used motor oil is low, making it hard to sustain for business. It is important to note that the purchased refined used motor oil comply with the oil specifications as set by the vehicle manufacturer. Reconditioning In some industries, oil is filtered or clean in commercial scale machine. Although it may not convert the oil back to its prime quality, it can remove impurities and key additives can be added to extend its life and functions. Re-Use and Reprocessing Both motor oil and fuels are petroleum product. As lubricant, when the oil has ceased functioning, it can be reused to be burned as fuel without the need for further treatment. Water and certain particles may need to be removed earlier before the oil can be burn for electricity generation. 74% of all oil recycled in the United States of America is for the purpose of fuel combustion in turbines, incinerators, power plants, cement kilns and manufacturing facilities. An additional 11% of used motor oil is burned in specifically designed industrial space heaters. This creates a valuable form of energy, which helps our economy by avoiding the need to refine new commercial heating oil from imported crude oil. Conclusion